异名:Buddleja acuminatissima Blume (synonym)、Buddleja amentacea Kraenzl. (synonym)、Buddleja arfakensis Kaneh. et Hatus. (synonym)、Buddleja asiatica Lour. var. brevicuspe Koord. (synonym)、Buddleja asiatica Lour. var. densiflora (Blume) Koord. et Valeton (synonym)、Buddleja asiatica Lour. var. salicina (Lam.) Koord. et Valeton (synonym)、Buddleja asiatica Lour. var. sundaica (Blume) Koord. et Valeton (synonym)、Buddleja densiflora Blume (synonym)、Buddleja neemda Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb. (synonym)、Buddleja neemda Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb. var. philippensis Cham. et Schltdl. (synonym)、Buddleja salicina Lam. (synonym)、Buddleja serrulata Roth (synonym)、Buddleja subserrata Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don (synonym)、Buddleja sundaica Blume (synonym)、Buddleja virgata Blanco (synonym)、Vitex esquirolii H. Lév. (synonym)
俗名:水黄花 (ShuǐHuángHuā) Chinese、黄合叶 (HuángHéYè) Chinese、驳骨丹 (BóGǔDān) Chinese、王记叶 (WángJìYè) Chinese、狭叶醉鱼草 (XiáYèZuìYúCǎo) Chinese、山埔姜 (ShānBùJiāng) Chinese、七里香 (QīLǐXiāng) Chinese、驳骨丹醉鱼草 (BóGǔDānZuìYúCǎo) Chinese
驳骨丹(海南),狭叶醉鱼草(广西木本选编),山埔姜(台湾植物志),七里香(云南沪水),驳骨丹醉鱼草(云南植物研究),王记叶(湖南),水黄花(广西凌云),黄合叶(湖北)
图版73:1-5
Buddleja asiatica Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 72. 1790; Benth. in DC. Prodr. 10:446. 1846 et Fl. Hongkong. 231. 1861; Maxim. in Mel. Biol. 10: 674. 1880: C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 82. 1883; Soler. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4 (2): 48, fig. 27, H. 1892: Gagnep. in Not. Syst. 2: 189. 1912; Dop in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 4: 160, fig. 20. 1912: Merr. Fl. Manila 367. 1912 et in Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. New Ser. 24(2): 310. 1935; Rehd. & Wilson in Sarg. Pl. Wilson. 1: 566. 1913; Ridl. in Fl. Malay Penins. 2: 414. 1923; Marq. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 48: 202. 1929 et in Kew Bull. 1930: 195. 1930; Rehd. in JourA. Arn. Arb. 15: 309. 1934; Kanehira, Formos. Trees rev. ed. 622, fig. 580. 1936; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 947. 1936; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学1068, 图953. 1937; Bail. Man. Cult. Pl. 804. 1949; Merr. in Fl. Siam. En. 3(1): 53. 1951: Leenhouts in Fl. Malesiana Ser. l, 6(2): 337, fig. 24-25. 1962; Li, Woody Fl. Taiwan 773, fig. 309. 1963; Back. & Bakh. f. Fl. Java 2: 212. 1965; Yamazaki in Hara, Fl. East. Himal. 253. 1966: Leeuwenberg, Vidal & Galibert in Fl. Camb. Laos Vietnam 13: 92, Pl. 15, 1-8. 1972: Abd. in Fl. West Pakistan 56:3, fig. l, E-G. 1974;中国高等植物图鉴3:372,图4698. 1974; 海南植物志3: 198, 图658. 1974; 广西本草选编, 下册1746, 附图, 1974; 台湾木本植物志594, 图134. 1976;全国中草药汇编, 下册210, 图1309. 1978;台湾植物志4: 152, 图945. 1979; Leeuwenberg in Meded. Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen 79-6: 92, fig. 22. 1979; Lauener in Not: Bot. Gard. Edinb. 33(3): 453. 1980; P. T. Li in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 4 (3): 231. 1982; Chater in Hara & al. , Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 3: 89. 1982; 云南植物志3: 458. 1983; 西藏植物志3: 898. 1986.——Buddleja salicina Lamk. Ill. 1: 291. 1891. ——B. neemda Buch. -Ham. ex Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed Carey 1: 411. 1820. ——B. serrulata Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 82. 1821.——B. discolor Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 83, 1821. ——B. subserrata Ham. ex D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 92. 1825, nom. illeg. ——B. acuminatissima Bl. Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 743. 1826. ——B. densiflora Bl. Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 743. 1826. ——B. sundaica Bl. Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 743. 1826. ——B. neemda Buch. -Ham. ex Roxb. var. philippensis Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnaea 2: 598. 1827.——B. virgata Blanco, Fl. Filip. 57. 1837, non Linn. 1781. ——B. asiatica Lour. var. salicina (Lamk. ) Koorders & Valeton, Bijdr. 9: 89. 1903.——B. asiatica Lour. var. densiflora (Bl. ) Koorders & Valeton, Bijdr. 9: 90. 1903. ——B. amentacea Kranal. in Bull. Jard. Imp. Bot. St. Petersb. 13: 89, 92. 1913. ——B. asiatica Lour. var. brevicuspe Koorders, Atlas Baumarten Java fig. 326, k-n. 1914. ——Vitex esquirolii Levl. Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 443. 1914. ——B. arfakensis Kanehira & Hatusima in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 56: 157, fig. 1942.
直立灌木或小乔木,高1-8米。嫩枝条四棱形,老枝条圆柱形;幼枝、叶下面、叶柄和花序均密被灰色或淡黄色星状短绒毛,有时毛被极密而成绵毛状。叶对生,叶片膜质至纸质,狭椭圆形、披针形或长披针形,长6-30厘米,宽1-7厘米,顶端渐尖或长渐尖,基部渐狭而成楔形,有时下延至叶柄基部,全缘或有小锯齿,上面绿色,干后黑褐色,通常无毛,稀有星状短柔毛,下面淡绿色,干后灰黄色;侧脉每边10-14条,上面扁平,干后凹陷,下面凸起;叶柄长2-15毫米。总状花序窄而长,由多个小聚伞花序组成,长5-25厘米,宽0.7-2厘米,单生或者3至数个聚生于枝顶或上部叶腋内,再排列成圆锥花序;花梗长0.2-2毫米;小苞片线形,短于花萼;花萼钟状或圆筒状,长1.5-4.5毫米,外面被星状短柔毛或短绒毛,内面无毛,花萼裂片三角形,长为花萼之半;花冠芳香,白色,有时淡绿色,花冠管圆筒状,直立,长3-6毫米,外面近无毛或被稀疏星状毛,内面仅中部以上被短柔毛或绵毛,花冠裂片近圆形,长1-1.7毫米,宽1-1.5毫米,广展,外面几无毛;雄蕊着生于花冠管喉部,花丝极短,花药长圆形,基部心形,花粉粒长球状,具3沟孔;雌蕊长2-3毫米,无毛,子房卵形或长卵形,长1-1.5毫米,宽0.8-1毫米,花柱短,柱头头状,2裂。蒴果椭圆状,长3-5毫米,直径1.5-3毫米;种子灰褐色,椭圆形,长0.8-1毫米,宽0.3-0.4毫米,两端具短翅。花期1-10月,果期3-12月。
产于陕西、江西、福建、台湾、湖北、湖南、广东、海南、广西、四川、贵州、云南和西藏等省区。生海拔200-3 000米向阳山坡灌木丛中或疏林缘。分布于巴基斯坦、印度、锡金、不丹、尼泊尔、缅甸、泰国、越南、老挝、柬埔寨、马来西亚、巴布亚新几内亚、印度尼西亚和菲律宾等。模式标本采自越南。
根和叶供药用,有驱风化湿、行气活络之功效。花芳香,可提取芳香油。
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